Containerization Tech

Terms: Virtualization, Sandboxes, Containers

• LXD/LXC (Snap package; OVH uses it)

• Docker
• RKT (Rocket) - Fedora CoreOS
• Fedora Silverblue
• Kubernetes/K8s

• systemd-nspawn - Facebook uses it

VMs

Xen/KVM (uses HVM)
QEMU (Emulator and Virtualization - Can be a hypervisor using Xen/KVM for virtualization)
libvirt (Manage multiple hypervisors and emulators (Xen, KVM, LXC, OpenVZ, Virtualbox, etc.) in an unified manner)
GNOME Boxes (uses KVM, QEMU, libvert, SPICE), Virt-manager (GUI for libvirt)

Containers

• LXC (Linux Containers)

• LXD (Manager/Hypervison for Containers (LXC) and VMs (QEMU), Waydroid

• Docker, Podman, Kubernetes (was based on Docker, now uses containerd), Openshift

• Toolbox, buildah, Distrobox

** "Docker images" are actually OCI compatible images

Container Runtimes

runC, container-d, CRI-O, Kubernetes CRI
https://www.tutorialworks.com/difference-docker-containerd-runc-crio-oci/#cri-o
Sandboxes

Kernel Level (BSD): FreeBSD Jails
Kernel Level (Linux): chroot Jails
Userland Level (Linux): Flatpaks, Snap, Systemd-nspawn
Hypervisor: libvirt-sandbox